Действие бора и его биологическая роль

Бор – неметаллический элемент. Имя элементу дало древнее название одного из соединений «бура». Его открыли в 1808 году практически одновременно двое ученых – Гей-Люссак (Франция) и Дени (Англия), причем они использовали различные способы.

В природе встречается лишь в виде борной кислоты или солей, ею образованных (боратов и полиборатов). В земной коре содержание составляет приблизительно одну тысячную процента.

Действие макроэлемента на жизнедеятельность человека показывает всю его важность. Учеными доказано, что бор требуется всем живым существам на этой планете – растениям, животным и, конечно же, необходим он и человеку, а соответственно его биологическая роль крайне важна для нормального функционирования организма.

В нашем организме данное вещество концентрируется в тканях костей и зубной эмали, оно даже участвует в их формировании. Также много его в мозге, мышцах, печени, легких и почках. Функции бора и влияние их на жизнедеятельность человека переоценить сложно: систематизирует структуру костей и суставов, что способствует профилактике таких заболеваний как артриты, артрозы; нормализует производство нуклеиновых кислот; стимулирует синтез белков, таким образом, обновляя все клетки тканей и органов; регулирует деятельность всей нервной системы и функций мозга; способствует росту мышц; профилактика заболеваний позвоночника; регулирует обмен жиров и углеводов.

Суточная норма макроэлемента составляет 1-3 мг. Дозировки для мужчин и женщин отличаются. Например, сильному полу требуется 0,6-1,5 мг, а прекрасным дамам необходимо немного больше – 1-2 мг. Проблемы могут возникать при получении меньше 0,2 мг и больше 4 грамм.

Недостаток макроэлемента довольно редкое явление и может происходить при недостаточном поступлении с пищей и нарушении обмена и усвояемости. Первые симптомы схожи с проявлениями остеопороза: проблемы с волосами, ногтями и зубами, а также могут появляться болезненные ощущения в суставах и костях. Страдает ЦНС, вследствие чего человек становится рассеянным, сонливым, замедляются его реакции.

Переизбыток макроэлемента может возникать при приеме борсодержащих лекарственных препаратов, получить чрезмерное количество элемента с питанием почти нереально. Переизбыток в организме может возникать в промышленных местностях, где окружающая среда (воздух, вода и почва) загрязнены токсическими производными бора. В этом случае довольно быстро могут проявиться такие симптомы, как раздражение слизистых глаз и носоглотки, поражение легких.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   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в которых содержится бор, в основном можно отнести к растительному происхождению – это орехи, чернослив, изюм, бобовые, виноград, яблоки, соя, мед, финики, морепродукты. Есть еще интересный момент – такие напитки, как сидр, пиво и вино очень богаты бором, но при условии, что они изготовлены по классическим рецептам, с использованием натуральных продуктов. Однако не стоит усердствовать в их употреблении – вреда будет гораздо больше.

Показания к назначению макроэлемента сводятся к комплексному лечению остеопороза. Препараты, содержащие бор также используются для наружного применения в качестве антисептика – это борная кислота.

Врач -лаборант                                                                     С.Е.Якуничева